Bayonets & Brushes

Bayonets & Brushes

Legion Condor

Legion Condor

The Luftwaffe in Spain

Arado Ar-68

Fighter

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The Arado Ar 68 was a single-seat biplane fighter designed and produced by the German aircraft manufacturer Arado Flugzeugwerke. It was among the first fighters produced when Germany abandoned the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles and began rearming.

Heinkel He-45C

Reconnaissance/ Light Bomber

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The Heinkel He 45 was a light bomber produced in Germany in the early 1930s, one of the first aircraft adopted by the newly formed Luftwaffe. Its appearance was that of a conventional biplane and included seating for pilot and gunner in tandem, open cockpits. 

Heinkel He-46C-1

Reconnaissance

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The Heinkel He-46  was a two-seater short range reconnaissance & army cooperation aircraft in a high-wing fixed undercarriage system with a classic tail designed in 1931.

Heinkel He-51B

Fighter

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The Heinkel He 51 was a German single-seat biplane fighter aircraft. A seaplane variant and a ground-attack version were also developed. It was a development of the earlier He 49. Provided to the Spanish Nationalists as the war progressed they were predominantly employed in the Ground Attack role.

Heinkel He-59B 'Zapatones'

Reconnaissance/ Torpedo Bomber

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The Heinkel He 59 was a twin-engined German biplane designed in 1930, resulting from a requirement for a torpedo bomber and reconnaissance aircraft able to operate on wheeled landing gear or twin-floats.

Heinkel He-60

Reconnaissance Floatplane

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The Heinkel He 60 was a sturdy single-engined twin-float biplane that was used as a coastal reconnaissance aircraft, as well as operating from German battleships and cruisers. The He 60E was the designation given to six aircraft that went to Spain during the Civil War,  where two were lost in combat

Heinkel He-70 'Rayo'

Reconnaissance/ Light Bomber

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The Heinkel He 70 Blitz was a German mail plane and fast passenger monoplane aircraft of the 1930s designed by Heinkel Flugzeugwerke, which was later used as a bomber and for aerial reconnaissance. It had a brief commercial career before it was replaced by larger types.

Heinkel He-111B & E1 'Pedro'

Medium Bomber

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The Heinkel He 111 is a German airliner and bomber designed by Siegfried and Walter Günter at Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in 1934. Through development, it was described as a “wolf in sheep’s clothing”

Heinkel He-112B

Fighter

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Spain was so impressed with the He 112’s performance during  the civil war that the Spanish Air Force purchased the 12 aircraft in early 1938, and later increased the order by another six (some sources say five). Of the first 12, two were shipped in November, another six in January, and the rest in April.

Henschel Hs-123

Dive Bomber

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The Henschel Hs 123 was a single-seat biplane dive bomber and close-support aircraft flown by the German Luftwaffe during the Spanish Civil War and the early to middle of World War II. It proved to be robust, durable and effective especially in severe conditions.

Henschel Hs-126

Reconnaissance

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The Henschel Hs 126 was a German two-seat reconnaissance and observation aircraft of World War II that was derived from the Henschel Hs 122. The pilot was seated in a protected cockpit under the parasol wing and the gunner in an open rear cockpit.

Junkers Ju86D

Medium Bomber

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The Junkers Ju 86 was a German monoplane bomber and civilian airliner designed in the early 1930s, and employed by various air forces on both sides during World War II. The civilian model Ju 86B could carry ten passengers. Two were delivered to Swissair and five to Deutsche Luft Hansa.

Junkers Ju-87A 'Stuka'

Dive Bomber

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The Ju 87A was designed as a single-engined, twin-seat all metal dive bomber. Its fuselage was built by connecting two oval-shaped sections with a simple structure design. The longerons consisted of long shaped strips which spanned across the longitudinal direction of the aircraft. 

Junkers Ju-87B 'Stuka'

Dive Bomber

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The Junkers Ju-87, popularly known as the ‘Stuka’, was a German dive bomber and ground-attack aircraft. Designed by Hermann Pohlmann, it first flew in 1935. Making its combat debut in 1937 with the Condor Legion in Spain it also served the Axis in World War II from beginning to end.

Junkers Ju-52/3m 'Tante Ju'

Transport/ Medium Bomber

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The Junkers Ju-52/3m, nicknamed ‘Tante Ju’ was a transport aircraft that was designed and manufactured by Junkers. Introduced in 1930 as a civilian airliner, it was adapted into a military transport aircraft by the Nazis, who took the company over the objections of the company’s founder Hugo Junkers.

Messerschmitt Bf-109b2

Fighter

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The all-German volunteer Condor Legion made ample use of the 109s, finding them superior replacements to the older He 51 and Ar 68E biplanes.  A the time of its introduction, the Messerschmitt ‘Bertha’ was one of the most advanced fighter aircraft designs in the world, unmatched by any of its adversaries.

Messerschmitt Bf-190e3

Fighter

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The Bf109E was an improved version of an aircraft designed by Willi Messerschmitt in 1935. It had proved to be a superb fighter during early combat trials in the Spanish Civil War. Although a superb fighter it, like most of its contemporaries, was under-gunned and had poor ground handling characteristics.